They had been imprisoned on Lipari and escaped together on 27 July 1929. The anti-fascist organisation Giustizia e Libertà was established in 1929 by the Italian refugees Riccardo Bauer, Carlo Rosselli, Emilio Lussu, Alberto Tarchiani, and Ernesto Rossi. Italian anti-fascist organization (1929–1940) Foundation Flag of Giustizia e Libertà Sleeve emblem Giustizia e Libertà Partisans Giustizia e Libertà also made the international community aware of the realities of fascism in Italy, thanks to the work of Gaetano Salvemini. The movement's members held various political beliefs but shared a belief in active, effective opposition to fascism, compared to the older Italian anti-fascist parties. The movement was cofounded by Carlo Rosselli, Ferruccio Parri, who later became Prime Minister of Italy, and Sandro Pertini, who became President of Italy. Giustizia e Libertà ( Italian pronunciation: English: Justice and Freedom) was an Italian anti-fascist resistance movement, active from 1929 to 1945.

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